Improvement in molds for drain-pipes



3 Sheets-- Sheet 1.

J. s. ROAKE.

Improvement in Molds for Drain-Pipe.

Patented Sep. 17

mum in 3 Sheets--Sheet 2.

J. 8. ROAKE. lmprevement in Molds for Drain-Pipe.

No. 131,375. Patented Sep.17,1872.

v .7 WEE v mxwabw a J. s. ROAKE; "ssheetsf-sheetaimprovement in Moldsfor Drain-Pipe. 0. 13!,375.

Patented Sep.l7,1872.

ICE.

JOHN S. ROAKE, OF WILLIAMSBURG, NEW YORK.

I IMPROVEMENT IN MOLDS FOR DRAIN-PIPES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent N o. 131,375, datedSeptember 17, 1872.

To all whom it may concern:

- Be it known that I, JOHN S. ROAKE, of Williamsburg, in the county ofKings and State of New York, have invented certain Improvements in Moldsfor Drain-Pipes, of which the following is a specification:

The invention is intended more particularly for molding pipes made froma composition in which sand and asphalt are largely employed. Thecomposition is set forth in a patent issued to William A. Battersby,dated November 8, 1870; but it may be used in the molding of anymaterial which requires but a moderate temperature and is subject togreat shrinkage. The invention provides better than any means heretoforeknown to me for the contraction of the material, both in diameter and inlength.

The following is a description of what I consider the best means ofcarrying out the invention.

The accompanying drawing forms a part of i this specification.

' Figure 1 is a plan view; Fig. 2, a vertical section; Fig. 3, a sideelevation with a portion broken away. Fig. 1 shows the mold with all thetop work removed; Fig. 2 shows it with the conical cap ready to receivethe hot composition; and Fig. 3 shows it with the weight compressing thecomposition after it is poured in.

Similar letters of reference indicate like parts in all the figures.

A is a bed-plate of cast-iron, formed with a boss in the center adaptedto receive a vertical shaft, B, which supports the interior work of thecore. The casting A is also formed with a deep offset near theperiphery, adapted to mold the interior of the hub on the end of themolding-pipe, as will be readily understood.

In the molding of the Battersby pipe it is important to provide surfacesof zinc at all the principal points where the material comes in contactwith the metal. The non-adhesive quality or lack of aflinity betweenzinc and the composition allows them to be easily separated, while thecomposition will stick very tenaciously to iron and most other metals.I, consequently, plate the exposed portion, or the greater part of theexposed portion of the casting A, with a thin coating of zinc, appliedeither in the form of roll zinc, secured by riveting or otherwise, or inthe form of a zinc coatin g applied directly on the metal. The partscontraction of the pipe.

of the mold which lie against and give form to the main surface ontheinterior and exterior of the pipe are of sheet zinc.

' D is a sheet of thick zinc, spun or otherwise formed with a suitableenlargement near the base to form the hub of the pipe, as indicatedclearly in Fig. 2. It is adapted to open along a vertical joint on oneside. It is strongly hooped or strapped at several different levels, asindicated by D D &c., the straps not being continuous hoops, but beingeach open on one side, and formed with stout flanges or eyes turnedoutward to allow their being firmly locked together and unlocked again,as required. When the ends of the straps D D &c., are firmly joinedtogether the mold for the outside of the pipe is in the proper conditionto receive the composition. A cylinder of sheet-zinc, E, open also alongone side, is mounted within and concentric to the part D, and is ofsufficiently less diameter to allow for the thickness of the pipe; itmolds the interior surface of the pipe. The edges of the sheet E,instead of abutting together overlap or pass each other, as shownclearly in Fig. 1. Any shrinkage of the molded pipe in the act ofhardening or afterwards may be compensated for by the simple sliding ofthe edges of the sheet E further past each other. G G G G are removablepieces adapted to fit against the inner surface of the sheet E and holdit firmly in the proper position. Each piece G is formed with lugs G,which receive links H turning on pivots, as represented, and connectingit to corresponding lugs or rings I fixed on the coreshaft B. When thecore-shaft B is depressed into its place, as shown in Fig. 2, the linksH are level, or very nearlyso. After the hot material has been poured inand the mold filled, the core-shaft B is lifted at the proper moment.The lifting movement of the shaft B lifts the rings I, and draws inward,by means of the links H, all the several staves or supporting pieces G.This movement so contracts the diameter of the entire interior work thatit may be readily lifted out, and the overlapping sheet E is then atliberty to contract freely. It therefore increases its overlappedcondition all that is necessary to allow for the A few seconds later thesheet E is lifted out of the interior, and,

afterwards, by unlocking the scveralmeans which have held together therings D D &c., the contact of the external casing D with the pipe isslackened, and the part D and its attachments may then be lifted off andthe finished section of pipe may be removed at leisure.

The Battersby material is liable to be in a thick or semi-fluidcondition when poured, and 1 find it important to provide special meansto guide it into the top of the mold. To this end I provide a conicalcap, J, fitted as represented, and discharge the material as nearly aspossible upon the point or apex of this cap. The material may be aidedin its distribution by operating any suitable tool, by hand orotherwise.

So soon as the mold is filled with the semifluid composition I apply aheavy follower, M, upon the upper edge, pressing directly upon thematerial. I propose to load this follower, under some conditions, withadditional weights, as indicated by M, the purpose being to provide sucha load as will be certain to press down the material in the act ofcontract ing. The result is a shorter and more dense section of pipe. Itwill be understood that the follower M may be removed before thecomposition has fully set, so that no time may be lost in removing thecore-shaft B and its attached parts at a little later stage in thehardening process.

Although I have in the above referred to the straps or open hooks 'D Das simply turned outward to form flanges or eyes to abut together at theopening line, the drawing represents them as sufiiciently wide apart toreceive between them two stout castings, which extend longitudinally upand down the mold. These castings, marked, respectively, S and T, form,really, the abutting or tightly-fitting edges of the exterior mold. Theyare riveted firmly to the eyes on the ends of the hooks D D and arematched together by a V-shaped ridge, t, on the part T, which matchesaccurately into the corresponding groove in the part S. To keep theedges of the metal sheet D perfectly in position small rivets areemployed, holding the sheet D against the respective castings S and T,the heads on the inside being countersunk.

I employ connecting-straps Q, operated by eccentrics R, as means ofopening and closing the exterior part of the mold. In practice, incasting ordinary pipes, I employ four of the straps or open hooks D, andbetween each and its neighbor operate one of the short tiestraps q,bolting each to the part S by a bolt, 1?, and connecting the other endto the part T by means of an eccentric, R, having a handie, It. Theeccentric It turns on a bolt, 1", set in the casting T. When the handleB is turned to the left it relaxes the mold and allows the V-shapedridge t to move out of the groove in which it is fitted, and thediameter of the exterior of the mold is increased; in other words, themold opens a little along the joint between the castings S and T. \Vhenit is to be tightened the several handles R are turned again to theright. V V are handles, by which the external mold may be convenientlylifted. The one which is mounted astride of the joint should beappliedwith sufficient play to allow the joint to open and close. Although Ihave spoken of the exterior sheet D as formed in one piece with anenlargement for the hub the drawing represents an enlargement near thebottom as made in a separate piece. I prefer this mode of construction,using plain roll-zinc for the main body and a carefully-spun piece-whichmay be of thicker material-for the enlargement at the bottom. These twopieces are nicely abutted together and secured within one of the rings Dby-riveting, Fig. 2 represents thin pieces of zinc fitted over thebase-casting to receive the contact of the hot material and prevent itssticking thereto. Fig. 3 represents a thin annular piece of zinc appliedat the top of the hot composition, separating it from the heavy ring M.This latter piece may be fixed to the ring M. These provisions insurethe presence of the metal, zinc, to which the Battersby composition doesnot stick, at all the points except the extreme lower edge of the mold.This may also be correspondingly faced, but I have not found itnecessary in my experiments. I believe that the composition becomessufficiently chilled before arriving at that point to avoid the tendencyto stick, even to cast-iron. I have marked the piece of sheet-zinc whichmolds the inner surface of the hub by the letter Y, and the thickerpiece of metal which molds the plane surface above by the letter X. Itis practicable to substitute a plating of zinc for the part Y, but Icause the thick piece X to perform another important function. Itapplies around the exterior of the lower edge of the inner sheet of zincE, and holds it inward in the proper position. It will be observed,also, that the conical cap J extends down on the upper edge of the sheetE. This sheet E may be formed with an inclination to contract itsdiameter, but such tendency cannot be relied upon to hold it inward withsufficient firmness prior to the pouring of the composition.Furthermore, it is important that the overlapping edges of this sheet Eshall press tightly together, and in practice I prefer to make it with aslight tendency to expand. The bottom sheet X should be of sufficientthickness and strength to hold the lower edge reliably together. Thisend may be still more effectually served by producing a slight annulargroove in the bed-casting A. We propose in our future patterns to sinkthe central portion of the bed-casting A, considerably below thecomposition of the plate X, and to correspondingly lengthen the innersheet E and the work interior thereto. I provide the lowermost set oftoggles or loose radial links H with arms H, extending downward alittle, as represented. These serve as stops to prevent the links H andtheir attachments from dropping down too far when the core is beingintroduced or removed. It will be understood that one core-by which termI include the central shaft B, links H, and longitudinal staves orremovable pieces Gmay serve for a considerable number of bed-castings,A, and interior lap-sheets E and exterior sheets D, with connections. Ido not consider it essential to success that the toggles or loose radiallinks H shall turn in precisely the directions indicated. They may turnhorizontally, instead of vertically, if preferred. It is not essentialthat the overlapping of the edges of the sheet metal E be at the precisepoint shown. It is on some accounts better to so introduce the removableparts that one of the strips or staves G shall press outward directlyagainst the lapping edges. To avoid a tendency of the vertical abuttingpieces S and T on the outside to become displaced vertically, relativelyto each other, I can insert a transverse pin or key not represented. Itmay be important to adopt such a precaution to avoid the tendency todisplacement due to the oblique pull of the straps Q undersomeconditions. W represents bolts fixed in the bedplate A, which passthrough the lugs formed on the exterior of the lower ring D and holddown on the entire outer parts of the mold by means of keys, as shown.

I claim as my invention- 1. The supporting-staves G, toggles H, andshaft B, in combination with each other, and

with the core-sheet E, and adapted to serve in the molding of highlycontractile material, as herein specified.

2. The combination of the cap J, the contractible core B E and itsconnections, the external envelope D D &c., and the basecasting A,constructed and arranged for joint operation, so as to mold pipes withswelled hubs, as herein specified.

3. The follower M, in combination with the parts D E and theirconnections, and the basecasting A, so as to follow up or compensate forthe endwise shrinkage of the material, as herein specified.

4. The straps Q and eccentrics R with the turning means It, incombination with the outer mold D D, and its connections, as specified.

5. The ridge 1? on the part T matching into the corresponding groove inthe part S, and arranged relatively to the outer mold D D, as and forthe purposes herein set forth.

6. The sheet-zinc facing pieces X and Y, in combination with the iron orother supporting material behind, and forming a non-adhesivemolding-surface, as specified.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 26th day of April,1872, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN S, ROAKE.

Witnesses:

WM. 0. DEY, ARNOLD HtJRMANN.

